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Compare Haiti (2001) - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002)

Compare Haiti (2001) z Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002)

 Haiti (2001)Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002)
 HaitiSaint Vincent and the Grenadines
Administrative divisions 9 departments (departements, singular - departement); Artibonite, Centre, Grand'Anse, Nord, Nord-Est, Nord-Ouest, Ouest, Sud, Sud-Est 6 parishes; Charlotte, Grenadines, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick
Age structure 0-14 years:
40.31% (male 1,421,945; female 1,385,580)

15-64 years:
55.52% (male 1,869,323; female 1,997,246)

65 years and over:
4.17% (male 140,556; female 149,899) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 28.9% (male 17,093; female 16,497)


15-64 years: 64.8% (male 38,718; female 36,689)


65 years and over: 6.3% (male 3,188; female 4,209) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum; wood bananas, coconuts, sweet potatoes, spices; small numbers of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats; fish
Airports 13 (2000 est.) 6 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
3

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total: 5


914 to 1,523 m: 3


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
10

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
8 (2000 est.)
total: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
Area total:
27,750 sq km

land:
27,560 sq km

water:
190 sq km
total: 389 sq km (Saint Vincent 344 sq km)


land: 389 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Maryland twice the size of Washington, DC
Background One of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere, Haiti has been plagued by political violence for most of its history. Over three decades of dictatorship followed by military rule ended in 1990 when Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE was elected president. Most of his term was usurped by a military takeover, but he was able to return to office in 1994 and oversee the installation of a close associate to the presidency in 1996. ARISTIDE won a second term as president in 2000, and took office early the following year. Disputed between France and the United Kingdom in the 18th century, Saint Vincent was ceded to the latter in 1783. Autonomy was granted in 1969, and independence in 1979.
Birth rate 31.68 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 17.54 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$317 million

expenditures:
$362 million, including capital expenditures of $84 million (FY99/00 est.)
revenues: $94.6 million


expenditures: $85.8 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
Capital Port-au-Prince Kingstown
Climate tropical; semiarid where mountains in east cut off trade winds tropical; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
Coastline 1,771 km 84 km
Constitution approved March 1987; suspended June 1988, with most articles reinstated March 1989; in October 1991, government claimed to be observing the constitution; return to constitutional rule, October 1994 27 October 1979
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Haiti

conventional short form:
Haiti

local long form:
Republique d'Haiti

local short form:
Haiti
conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Currency gourde (HTG) East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Death rate 15 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 6.12 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $1 billion (1998 est.) $167.2 million (2000) (2000)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Brian Dean CURRAN

embassy:
5 Harry Truman Boulevard, Port-au-Prince

mailing address:
P. O. Box 1761, Port-au-Prince

telephone:
[509] 222-0354, 222-0269, 222-0200, 223-4776

FAX:
[509] 23-1641
the US does not have an embassy in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; the US Ambassador in Barbados is accredited to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Louis Harold JOSEPH

chancery:
2311 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 332-4090

FAX:
[1] (202) 745-7215

consulate(s) general:
Boston, Chicago, Miami, New York, and San Juan (Puerto Rico)
chief of mission: Ambassador Ellsworth I. A. JOHN


chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016


telephone: [1] (202) 364-6730


FAX: [1] (202) 364-6736


consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international claims US-administered Navassa Island none
Economic aid - recipient $730.6 million (1995) $47.5 million (1995); note - EU $34.5 million (1998) (1995)
Economy - overview About 80% of the population lives in abject poverty. Nearly 70% of all Haitians depend on the agriculture sector, which consists mainly of small-scale subsistence farming and employs about two-thirds of the economically active work force. The country has experienced little job creation since the former President PREVAL took office in February 1996, although the informal economy is growing. Following legislative elections in May 2000, fraught with irregularities, international donors - including the US and EU - suspended almost all aid to Haiti. This destabilized the Haitian currency, the gourde, and, combined with a 40% fuel price hike in September, caused widespread price increases. Prices appear to have leveled off in January 2001. Bananas and other agricultural products remain the staple of this lower-middle income country's economy. Although tourism and other services have been growing moderately in recent years, the government has been ineffective at introducing new industries. Unemployment remains high, and economic growth hinges upon seasonal variations in the agricultural and tourism sectors. Tropical storms wiped out substantial portions of crops in 1994 and 1995, and tourism in the Eastern Caribbean has suffered low arrivals following September 11. St. Vincent is home to a small offshore banking sector, but its restrictive secrecy laws have come under international review. As of June 2001, it remained on the Financial Action Task Force's list of noncooperative jurisdictions.
Electricity - consumption 625 million kWh (1999) 76.3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 672 million kWh (1999) 82 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
52.83%

hydro:
47.17%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 73%


hydro: 27%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Chaine de la Selle 2,680 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Soufriere 1,234 m
Environment - current issues extensive deforestation (much of the remaining forested land is being cleared for agriculture and used as fuel); soil erosion; inadequate supplies of potable water pollution of coastal waters and shorelines from discharges by pleasure yachts and other effluents; in some areas, pollution is severe enough to make swimming prohibitive
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection

signed, but not ratified:
Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Ethnic groups black 95%, mulatto and white 5% black 66%, mixed 19%, East Indian 6%, Carib Amerindian 2%, other 7%
Exchange rates gourdes per US dollar - 23.761 (January 2001), 22.524 (2000), 17.965 (1999), 16.505 (1998), 17.311 (1997), 15.093 (1996) East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE (since 7 February 2001)

head of government:
Prime Minister Jean-Marie CHERESTAL (since 9 February 2001)

cabinet:
Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 26 November 2000 (next to be held NA 2005); prime minister appointed by the president, ratified by the Congress

election results:
Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE elected president; percent of vote - Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE 92%
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Sir Fredrick Nathaniel BALLANTYNE (since 2 September 2002)


head of government: Prime Minister Ralph E. GONSALVES (since 29 March 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister
Exports $186 million (f.o.b., 1999) $53.7 million (2000 est.)
Exports - commodities manufactures, coffee, oils, mangoes bananas 39%, eddoes and dasheen (taro), arrowroot starch, tennis racquets
Exports - partners US 89%, EU 8% (1999) Caricom countries 49%, UK 16%, US 10% (1995)
Fiscal year 1 October - 30 September calendar year
Flag description two equal horizontal bands of blue (top) and red with a centered white rectangle bearing the coat of arms, which contains a palm tree flanked by flags and two cannons above a scroll bearing the motto L'UNION FAIT LA FORCE (Union Makes Strength) three vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold (double width), and green; the gold band bears three green diamonds arranged in a V pattern
GDP purchasing power parity - $12.7 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $339 million (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
32%

industry:
20%

services:
48% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 10%


industry: 26%


services: 64% (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $1,800 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $2,900 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 1.2% (2000 est.) -0.8% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 19 00 N, 72 25 W 13 15 N, 61 12 W
Geography - note shares island of Hispaniola with Dominican Republic (western one-third is Haiti, eastern two-thirds is the Dominican Republic) the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is comprised of 32 islands and cays
Highways total:
4,160 km

paved:
1,011 km

unpaved:
3,149 km (1996)
total: 1,040 km


paved: 320 km


unpaved: 720 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs major Caribbean transshipment point for cocaine en route to the US and Europe; vulnerable to money laundering transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; small-scale cannabis cultivation
Imports $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1999) $185.6 million (2000 est.)
Imports - commodities food, machinery and transport equipment, fuels, raw materials foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, chemicals and fertilizers, minerals and fuels
Imports - partners US 60%, EU 13% (1999) US 36%, Caricom countries 28%, UK 13% (1995)
Independence 1 January 1804 (from France) 27 October 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 0.6% (1997 est.) -0.9% (1997 est.)
Industries sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, tourism, light assembly industries based on imported parts food processing, cement, furniture, clothing, starch
Infant mortality rate 95.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 16.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 19% (2000 est.) -0.4% (2001 est.)
International organization participation ACCT, ACP, Caricom (observer), CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 3 (2000) 15 (2000)
Irrigated land 750 sq km (1993 est.) 10 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court or Cour de Cassation Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)
Labor force 3.6 million (1995)

note:
shortage of skilled labor, unskilled labor abundant (1998)
67,000 (1984 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 66%, services 25%, industry 9% agriculture 26%, industry 17%, services 57% (1980 est.)
Land boundaries total:
275 km

border countries:
Dominican Republic 275 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
20%

permanent crops:
13%

permanent pastures:
18%

forests and woodland:
5%

other:
44% (1993 est.)
arable land: 10.26%


permanent crops: 17.95%


other: 71.79% (1998 est.)
Languages French (official), Creole (official) English, French patois
Legal system based on Roman civil law system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on English common law
Legislative branch bicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale consists of the Senate (27 seats; members serve six-year terms; one-third elected every two years) and the Chamber of Deputies (83 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)

elections:
Senate - last held for two-thirds of seats 21 May 2000, with runoffs on 9 July boycotted by the opposition; about eight seats still disputed; election for remaining one-third held on 26 November 2000 (next to be held NA 2002); Chamber of Deputies - last held 21 May 2000, with runoffs on 30 July boycotted by the opposition; one vacant seat rerun 26 November 2000 (next election NA 2004)

election results:
Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FL 26, independent 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - FL 73, OPL 1, other minor parties and independents 9
unicameral House of Assembly (21 seats, 15 elected representatives and 6 appointed senators; representatives are elected by popular vote from single-member constituencies to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 28 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ULP 12, NDP 3
Life expectancy at birth total population:
49.38 years

male:
47.67 years

female:
51.17 years (2001 est.)
total population: 72.82 years


male: 71.07 years


female: 74.63 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
45%

male:
48%

female:
42.2% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 96%


male: 96%


female: 96% (1970 est.)
Location Caribbean, western one-third of the island of Hispaniola, between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, west of the Dominican Republic Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
to depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) total: 788 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 7,000,660 GRT/10,702,776 DWT


ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 142, cargo 382, chemical tanker 24, combination bulk 11, combination ore/oil 3, container 47, liquefied gas 7, livestock carrier 3, multi-functional large-load carrier 2, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 48, refrigerated cargo 39, roll on/roll off 52, short-sea passenger 13, specialized tanker 10, vehicle carrier 1


note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Albania 1, Anguilla 1, Argentina 1, Australia 2, Bahamas, The 1, Bangladesh 1, Barbados 2, Belgium 4, Bulgaria 14, Canada 1, Cayman Islands 1, China 135, Colombia 1, Croatia 12, Cyprus 6, Denmark 16, Egypt 7, Estonia 6, France 27, Germany 12, Greece 156, Guyana 7, Hong Kong 23, Iceland 1, India 11, Indonesia 3, Israel 2, Italy 19, Japan 1, Kenya 4, Latvia 5, Lebanon 9, Liberia 5, Lithuania 1, Malta 1, Man, Isle of 1, Marshall Islands 3, Mexico 1, Monaco 6, Netherlands 14, Netherlands Antilles 1, Nigeria 3, Norway 33, Pakistan 5, Panama 2, Poland 2, Portugal 2, Puerto Rico 2, Russia 8, Saint Kitts and Nevis 1, Saudi Arabia 3, Singapore 4, Slovenia 7, South Korea 4, Spain 1, Sweden 6, Switzerland 10, Syria 2, Taiwan 1, Thailand 1, Trinidad and Tobago 1, Tunisia 1, Turkey 15, Ukraine 8, United Arab Emirates 45, United Kingdom 16, United States 25, Vietnam 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches Haitian National Police (HNP)

note:
the regular Haitian Army, Navy, and Air Force have been demobilized but still exist on paper until constitutionally abolished
Royal Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Police Force (includes Special Service Unit), Coast Guard
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA; note - mainly for police and security activities $NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% NA%
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,635,253 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
888,305 (2001 est.)
-
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
87,049 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 1 January (1804) Independence Day, 27 October (1979)
Nationality noun:
Haitian(s)

adjective:
Haitian
noun: Saint Vincentian(s) or Vincentian(s)


adjective: Saint Vincentian or Vincentian
Natural hazards lies in the middle of the hurricane belt and subject to severe storms from June to October; occasional flooding and earthquakes; periodic droughts hurricanes; Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant threat
Natural resources bauxite, copper, calcium carbonate, gold, marble, hydropower hydropower, cropland
Net migration rate -2.64 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -7.69 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders Alliance for the Liberation and Advancement of Haiti or ALAH [Reynold GEORGES]; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Leslie MANIGAT]; Convergence (opposition coalition composed of ESPACE, OPL, and MOCHRENA) [Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES, Evans PAUL, Luc MESADIEU, Victor BENOIT]; Democratic Consultation Group coalition or ESPACE [Evans PAUL, Victor Benoit] composed of the following parties: National Congress of Democratic Movements or KONAKOM, National Progressive Revolutionary Party or PANPRA, Generation 2004, and Haiti Can; Haitian Christian Democratic Party or PDCH [Marie-France CLAUDE]; Haitian Democratic Party or PADEM [Clark PARENT]; Lavalas Family or FL [Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE]; Mobilization for National Development or MDN [Hubert DE RONCERAY]; Movement for National Reconstruction or MRN [Rene THEODORE]; Movement for the Installation of Democracy in Haiti or MIDH [Marc BAZIN]; Movement for the Organization of the Country or MOP [Gesner COMEAU and Jean MOLIERE]; National Front for Change and Democracy or FNCD [Evans PAUL and Turneb DELPE]; New Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU]; Struggling People's Organization or OPL [Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES] National Reform Party or NRP [Joel MIGUEL]; New Democratic Party or NDP [Arnhim EUSTACE]; People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Ken BOYEA]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [leader NA]; United People's Movement or UPM [Adrian SAUNDERS]; Unity Labor Party or ULP [Ralph GONSALVES] (formed by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU)
Political pressure groups and leaders Autonomous Haitian Workers or CATH; Confederation of Haitian Workers or CTH; Federation of Workers Trade Unions or FOS; National Popular Assembly or APN; Papaye Peasants Movement or MPP; Popular Organizations Gathering Power or PROP; Roman Catholic Church NA
Population 6,964,549

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
116,394 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 80% (1998 est.) NA%
Population growth rate 1.4% (2001 est.) 0.37% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors Cap-Haitien, Gonaives, Jacmel, Jeremie, Les Cayes, Miragoane, Port-au-Prince, Port-de-Paix, Saint-Marc Kingstown
Radio broadcast stations AM 41, FM 26, shortwave 0 (1999) AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 415,000 (1997) 77,000 (1997)
Railways total:
40 km (single track; privately owned industrial line) - closed in early 1990s

narrow gauge:
40 km 0.760-m gauge
0 km
Religions Roman Catholic 80%, Protestant 16% (Baptist 10%, Pentecostal 4%, Adventist 1%, other 1%), none 1%, other 3% (1982)

note:
roughly one-half of the population also practices Voodoo
Anglican 47%, Methodist 28%, Roman Catholic 13%, Hindu Seventh-Day Adventist, other Protestant
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.94 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.94 male(s)/female

total population:
0.97 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
domestic facilities barely adequate; international facilities slightly better

domestic:
coaxial cable and microwave radio relay trunk service

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment: adequate system


domestic: islandwide, fully automatic telephone system; VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to the other islands of the Grenadines


international: VHF/UHF radiotelephone from Saint Vincent to Barbados; new SHF radiotelephone to Grenada and to Saint Lucia; access to Intelsat earth station in Martinique through Saint Lucia
Telephones - main lines in use 60,000 (1997) 20,500 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (1995) NA
Television broadcast stations 2 (plus a cable TV service) (1997) 1 (plus three repeaters) (1997)
Terrain mostly rough and mountainous volcanic, mountainous
Total fertility rate 4.4 children born/woman (2001 est.) 2.01 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate widespread unemployment and underemployment; more than two-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs (1999) 22% (1997 est.) (1997 est.)
Waterways NEGL; less than 100 km navigable none
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